高级检索

    2023—2024年北京市丰台区两类公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况分析

    Sanitary condition of central air conditioning ventilation systems in two types of public places in Fengtai District, Beijing, China, 2023—2024

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 了解北京市丰台区宾馆和医院集中空调通风系统的卫生状况, 发现主要问题并提出针对性改进措施和建议。
      方法 2023—2024年, 对北京市丰台区18家宾馆和医院开展集中空调通风系统监测35家次, 检测新风量并采集空调送风、风管内表面和冷却水样品, 开展细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌、积尘量、新型冠状病毒、嗜肺军团菌等指标的检测。
      结果 2023—2024年北京市丰台区宾馆和医院集中空调通风系统总体达标率为56.25%, 不同年度、不同场所之间达标率差异均无统计学意义(χ2分别为0.26和0.01, P＞0.05)。不同类别的样品达标率差异有统计学意义(χ2=111.75, P＜0.001), 空调送风样品达标率最低, 为19.32%。各类样品的指标检测中, 空调送风样品的细菌总数达标率最低, 为30.68%;风管内表面样品的细菌总数达标率最低, 为88.64%;冷却水样品的游离氯达标率最低, 为25.00%;不同类别样品的指标达标率差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别为152.10、24.12和16.95, P＜0.001)。送风中细菌总数最大值为7 800 CFU/m3, 超标14.6倍; 风管内表面细菌总数最大值为672 CFU/cm2, 超标5.7倍。冷却水样品中嗜肺军团菌检出率为27.27%(12/44)。
      结论 北京市丰台区宾馆和医院集中空调通风系统主要问题是送风质量较差、冷却水中嗜肺军团菌污染严重, 公共场所要按要求做好空调系统的卫生管理。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To investigate the sanitary condition of central air conditioning ventilation systems in hotels and hospitals in Fengtai District, Beijing, China, identify the main problems, and put forward targeted improvement measures and suggestions.
      Methods In 2023—2024, monitoring of central air conditioning ventilation systems was carried out 35 times in 18 hotels and hospitals in Fengtai District, Beijing. The fresh air volume was tested, and samples of air-conditioning supply air, the inner surface of air duct, and cooling water were collected for testing of indicators such as the total number of bacteria, total number of fungi, β-hemolytic streptococcus, amount of dust accumulation, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2), and Legionella pneumophila.
      Results The overall qualified rate of central air conditioning ventilation systems in hotels and hospitals in Fengtai District was 56.25% in 2023—2024, and the qualified rate was not significantly different between different years and different places (χ2=0.26, 0.01, P>0.05). There was a significant difference in qualified rate between samples of different categories (χ2=111.75, P < 0.001), and the qualified rate of air-conditioning supply air samples was the lowest at 19.32%. In the indicator testing of each category of samples, the lowest qualified rate of total number of bacteria was 30.68% for air-conditioning supply air samples and 88.64% for inner surface samples of the air duct; the lowest qualified rate of free chlorine was 25.00% for cooling water samples; there were significant differences in the qualified rates of indicators for samples of different categories (χ2=152.10, 24.12, 16.95, P < 0.001). The maximum value of total number of bacteria was 7 800 CFU/m3 in the supply air, exceeding the standard by 14.6 times, and 672 CFU/cm2 on the inner surface of the air duct, exceeding the standard by 5.7 times. The detection rate of L. pneumophila in cooling water samples was 27.27% (12/44).
      Conclusion The main problems of central air conditioning ventilation systems in hotels and hospitals in Fengtai District are poor supply air quality and serious L. pneumophila contamination in cooling water. Sanitary management of air conditioning systems in public places should be carried out as required.

       

      • HTML全文
      • 参考文献(13)
      • 相关文章
      • 施引文献
    • 资源附件(0)

    /

    返回文章
    返回